深埋矿体移动带三维圈定方法及应用

针对深埋矿山开采移动带二维圈定方法工作量大、精度低且难以满足日益增长的经济效益需求的问题，提出了一种深埋复杂矿体移动范围三维确定方法。结合沙岭金矿千米深井工程实例，在移动范围确定过程中，借助先进的3D建模技术获得三维矿山模型。该模型可以实现各类地质体的可视化，直观地展示其形态与产状，清晰地反映各构成因素间的相互关系。在3D模型中截取的特征剖面与经典移动带圈定岩移参数获取方法相结合，能轻松获得各特征剖面上的岩移参数值。通过给定的岩移参数值进而确定各特征剖面上的地表移动边界点，将各移动边界点连接即可实现矿山移动范围的圈定。研究结果表明，基于三维地质建模技术的移动带圈定方法合理可行，确定的纱岭金矿地表移动带能够兼顾安全生产与经济效益，为矿山生产开发奠定了有益基础，为类似矿山提供了有益借鉴。     

Shape from focus based on 3D structure tensor using optical microscopy

Shape from focus (SFF) is a widely used passive optical method for 3D shape reconstruction. In SFF, a focus measure, which is used to estimate the relative focus level, plays a critical role in depth estimation. In this article, we present a new focus measure for accurate 3D shape estimation in optical microscopy based on the analysis of 3D structure tensor. First, the 3D tensors are computed from the input image sequence for each pixel. Then, each tensor is decomposed into point, curve, and surface tensors by decomposing tensors into eigenvalues and eigenvectors. Finally, the surfaceness is used to measure the quality of sharpness. The proposed focus measure provides accurate focus values and better resistance against noise. The proposed measure is evaluated by conducting experiments using image sequences of simulated and microscopic real objects. The comparative analysis demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed focus measure in recovering 3D shape.     

A computer aided design method for car form and its application based on shape parameters

In the early design stage, automotive modeling should both meet the requirements of aesthetics and engineering. Therefore, a vehicle CAD (computer aided design) model that can be easily adjusted by feedbacks is necessary. Based on CE-Bézier surface, this paper presents a set of algorithms for parametric segmentation and fairing surface generation in a car model. This model is defined by a simplified automotive template and relevant control points, shape parameters and segmentation parameters, which can be modified to alter the car form efficiently. With this model and the corresponding adjustment method, more than fifty various vehicle models are established in this research according to different parameters. And two methods for calculating similarity index between car models are constructed, which are suitable for brand design trend analysis and modelling design decisionmaking.     

钛合金表面多磁极耦合旋转磁场光整加工特性

面向激光增材制造钛合金表面的光整加工需求，设计出一种多磁极耦合旋转磁场光整加工装置来研究光整加工特性。基于ANSYS Maxwell仿真软件分析了光整加工装置的磁场强度分布。搭建了实验光整平台，分析了主轴转速、C轴转速和加工间隙对表面质量的影响。结果表明，在主轴转速500 r/min、C轴转速160 r/min和加工间隙0.7 mm的加工条件下，表面粗糙度Ra由5.991 μm下降至0793 μm。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观测表明，光整后的钛合金表面沉积层消失，表面质量得到显著改善。     

Application of the sampling moiré method to shallow open-channel flows with circular roughness elements

This research presents an application of the sampling moiré method, a novel technique originally developed for measuring slight deformation of a static object such as a plate, to fluctuating free water surface in rough open channel flows. The method was used to capture the two-dimensional water surface deformation at a high sampling rate by dyeing the color of water white. The target flow was a very shallow subcritical flow with a depth of 1.5 times the height of the roughness. As a result, a series of instantaneous water surface profiles with non-uniform rough planes were successfully measured at a sampling rate of 100 Hz.It has become clear that the effect of dispersive gravity waves traveling on the water surface is greater than that of non-dispersive waves driven by the turbulence, and that this feature becomes more pronounced as the Froude number increases in such shallow flow conditions. Furthermore, it was experimentally and theoretically verified that the intensity of water surface fluctuation increases with the square of the Froude number. The decomposition of surface fluctuations due to gravity waves and subsurface turbulence using the wavenumber frequency spectrum revealed that the effects of subsurface turbulence are about 20%. This is much less than the contribution from gravity waves in very shallow flows as in this experiment.     

Grain mapping to freeform surface for machining using parameter-based incremental tracking method

This paper presents a novel method for mapping a texture for machining onto a freeform surface. When a grain texture designed on a 2D plane is projected onto a freeform surface simply, the texture is distorted along the curvature of the surface in the projection direction. Therefore, a method is required to suppress this distortion. The algorithm proposed in this paper rapidly generates a point cloud that represents a texture with less distortion on a simply connected parametric surface. Specifically, four equations that express local geometry constraints instead of conventional parameterization methods are presented to reduce the distortion between adjacent points on the point cloud. Solving these equations can generate grain textures on freeform surfaces. This paper examines two grain images mapped to two freeform surfaces that were prepared as case studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

因子分析在冀东峪耳崖金矿地球化学找矿中的应用

峪耳崖金矿位于华北板块北缘，矿区基底地层为太古界迁西群麻粒岩相和角闪岩相，矿体受NNE—NE向断裂构造控制，赋矿围岩为花岗岩。在矿床地质特征基础上，利用矿区土壤地球化学数据，采取传统统计法和累计频率法圈定了金矿12个元素的异常范围；运用因子分析方法划分出了Sb Hg Pb As元素组合、Au Ag Bi元素组合、Zn Cu Sn元素组合和W Mo元素组合；再对因子得分进行趋势面分析，较为有效地突出了深层次的找矿信息，更准确地圈出成矿靶区。结合研究区地质特征认为Au Ag Bi元素组合和Sb Hg Pb As元素组合为研究区最佳地球化学标志元素组合，下一步地质工作重点应放在矿区中矿带矿体深部及其南部异常高值区，同时布置少量工程在北矿带，以追索与唐杖子金矿之间的联系。     

Optimization of process parameters and catalytic pyrolysis of Cascabela thevetia seeds over low-cost catalysts towards renewable fuel production

The present study deals with the optimization of process parameters and thermocatalytic pyrolysis of Cascabela thevetia (CT) seeds in a semi-batch cylindrical-shaped reactor. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed for the optimization of process variables, while commercial catalysts CaO and Al₂O₃ were used for catalytic pyrolysis. From results, it was concluded that 525 °C temperature, 75 °C min⁻¹ heating rate, and 75 mL min⁻¹ flow of nitrogen yielded maximum pyrolytic liquid (45.26 wt%) while with the attendance of catalysts at 20 wt% increased the yield of pyrolytic liquid (49.12 wt% and 46.87 wt% for CaO and Al₂O₃ respectively). Optimization outcomes displayed that linear and quadratic terms of utilized factors were more noteworthy while interaction effects between the factors were not significant. Further, characterization of pyrolytic oil established that utilization of catalysts expressively enhanced its properties by reducing viscosity and boosted the calorific value. FTIR examination of pyrolytic oil showed that the attendance of phenols, ethers, alcohols, ketones, alkanes, acids, etc., while ¹H NMR results supported the FTIR results. GC-MS analysis showed a substantial reduction of phenols and oxygen-rich products and boost the development of alcohol and aldehydes in pyrolytic oil with the introduction of catalysts. These parameters indicate improved properties of pyrolytic oil, which intensified its bioenergy capabilities.     

Response Surface Optimization of Hydrogen-Rich Syngas Production by Greenhouse Gases Reforming

The effect of process interaction and response surface optimization of hydrogen-rich syngas production by catalytic carbon dioxide (CO₂) reforming of methane (CH₄) was evaluated. The Box-Behnken design was applied to investigate the influence of CH₄ partial pressure, CO₂ partial pressure, and temperature on the hydrogen yield. The analysis of variance indicated that temperature and CH₄ partial pressure had the most significant impact on the hydrogen yield. Under optimum conditions a maximum hydrogen yield of 71.38 % was achieved. Model validation with the ideal conditions confirmed close agreement of the predicted hydrogen yields with experimental values.